Join the waitlist

← Back to the question · Front page

Sleep · training · steps · body composition

Client name: Bill

Of my sleep, training and steps, what goes with lean gain and fat loss?

Presenting Question

  • Question Verbatim from You: “Of my sleep, training and steps, what goes with lean gain and fat loss?”
  • Interpretation of the Question (an attempt to make the question slightly more precise, computable and scientific)
    • In your question you said “what goes with lean gain and fat loss”. We are interpreting that as the full model of your body composition with food left out, which leaves three levers: average nightly sleep and average daily steps, both from your OuraOura makes a ring worn on the finger that measures sleep, heart rate, heart rate variability and skin temperature overnight, and scores each night. More at ouraring.com ring, and sets a week from the StrongStrong is a phone app for logging weightlifting workouts in fine detail: every exercise, and the weight and reps of every set. More at strong.app and TrainerizeTrainerize is an app personal trainers use to send clients their workouts and to log what was done. More at trainerize.com apps.
    • Food is left out because none was logged from 2025-01 to 2025-09. Cardio was dropped before this ran, because your regular cardio is an e-bike commute.
    • Precisely: with all three in one model, which of them goes with lean gain, and which with fat loss, each with the other two held steady?

Answer to the Presenting Question: A trend

A trend, based on the analysis below, and within its assumptions and limits.

  • With sleep and steps held steady, 10 more sets a week went with +0.22 lb of lean per two weeks.
  • Without holding them steady, it was +0.23 lb.
  • The same lead as before and, like it, not enough to call a finding once it is counted among the six links this model tests.

Do you have a similar question? Join the waitlist.

Does more lifting still go with more lean gain once sleep and steps are held steady?

The lean link to sets, two ways, on the same 12 six-week blocks.

Sets alone+0.23 lbSleep, steps held steady+0.22 lb
Lean mass per two weeks, per 10 more sets a week

Barely different: in your record, blocks with more sets did not also have more sleep or more steps, so holding those steady changes little.

For p-values, corrections for testing many questions, effect sizes and the smallest detectable differences, see The statistics behind this below.

Data Source(s) and Date(s)

  • Data sources:
    • Devices:
      • DEXADEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) is a low-dose X-ray scan that measures body fat, lean mass, bone, and total body weight. More at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray_absorptiometry scanner (BodySpecBodySpec is a company that runs DEXA body-composition scans at its own clinics and mobile vans. More at bodyspec.com) data: whole-body lean and fat mass
      • OuraOura makes a ring worn on the finger that measures sleep, heart rate, heart rate variability and skin temperature overnight, and scores each night. More at ouraring.com ring data: nightly total sleep and daily steps
      • StrongStrong is a phone app for logging weightlifting workouts in fine detail: every exercise, and the weight and reps of every set. More at strong.app app data workout log, exported 2026-10-01
      • TrainerizeTrainerize is an app personal trainers use to send clients their workouts and to log what was done. More at trainerize.com app workout log, exported 2025-11-01: the sets for 2024-11-02 to 2025-10-17, when the StrongStrong is a phone app for logging weightlifting workouts in fine detail: every exercise, and the weight and reps of every set. More at strong.app app was not in use
    • Textual sources:
      • Your conversations with PerSci, 2026-10-01 to 2026-10-27: when each trainer started, that every set you log is taken to failure, and what the TrainerizeTrainerize is an app personal trainers use to send clients their workouts and to log what was done. More at trainerize.com session ratings were.
  • Dates: 2024-04-05 to 2026-09-15: 12 six-week blocks, 3 in Epoch B and 9 in Epoch C.
  • People and Organizations Named or Anonymized:
    • Named (in your template names, your notes, or what you told us): BodySpec
    • Anonymized (shown by alias, inside your own notes and quotes too): Trainer A (personal trainer, 2023-08-08 to 2024-11-10), Trainer B (personal trainer since 2024-11-11)

What we compared (independent variable)

Three things you did, on average, across each block, each compared within an epoch.

  • Nightly total sleep
  • Sets a week
  • Daily steps

What we measured (dependent variable)

How your body composition changed over each block.

  • Lean mass, change per two weeks
  • Fat mass, change per two weeks

The test, and what else it says: A trend

Written down on 2026-10-27, before it ran, as an extra check: you had already seen the sleep and sets results. The sets link to lean: about a 1-in-27 chance of a link this strong by luck alone (p = 0.037, raw). Allowing for the six links in the model, the corrected value is 0.22.

Nothing else in it passes even on its own: not sleep, not steps, and nothing for fat mass.

For p-values, corrections for testing many questions, effect sizes and the smallest detectable differences, see The statistics behind this below.

Caveats

  • An extra check, not a registered test. The sleep and sets results had been seen before it was asked.
  • Food is not in it. Weeks with more sets may still have been weeks with more protein.
  • 12 blocks, three levers. Enough to fit, not enough to be sharp.
  • This describes a pattern in your data. It is not medical advice.

Related Pages

The statistics behind this

One least-squares fit per outcome on the three levers, each centred within epoch; each coefficient tested by Freedman-Lane permutation within epoch (20,000); smallest detectable coefficient; Holm across the six coefficients. Within epoch the levers barely move together: sets and sleep r +0.00, sets and steps +0.10, sleep and steps -0.28.

LeverOutcomePer unit, lb / 14 dDetectablepHolm (6)
Sleep, per extra hour a nightlean mass−0.89 lb1.49 lb0.2641.00
Sets, per 10 more a weeklean mass+0.22 lb0.21 lb0.0370.22
Steps, per 1,000 more a daylean mass+0.10 lb0.27 lb0.5321.00
Sleep, per extra hour a nightfat mass+1.11 lb1.41 lb0.1690.84
Sets, per 10 more a weekfat mass−0.07 lb0.14 lb0.3711.00
Steps, per 1,000 more a dayfat mass+0.19 lb0.30 lb0.2611.00

Detectable: A real change this big would just pass the test, about half the time. One about 1.4 times as big would pass it about 4 times in 5. A smaller real change could easily go unseen, so 'no change found' means 'no change this big'.

What do you want to know next?

Each one runs on your own export. What you asked is written down with today's date before anything is computed, so the question stays separate from the answer.

Check it on scans still to come

Everything on this page uses history you had already lived. The same test, the same code, on six-week blocks that start after the registration (2026-10-25) is the real check. At a scan every two to six weeks that takes a year or more.

Nothing but to keep scanning and logging as you do.

Running from 2026-10-25

Add food: protein, calories and alcohol

The full question puts sleep, sets, protein, calories, steps and alcohol in one model. Only 5 of the 15 blocks have food logged (none from 2025-01 to 2025-09), too few for six levers, so it runs on blocks still to come.

Log food every day in MacroFactor.

Waiting for data

If you have a health-related question about your own data, join the waitlist for your own custom analysis.

Act soon: it is free while we stand this service up and refine it. All we ask in return is permission to publish a results page like the ones we have made for our other clients. We never publish your surname or your date of birth. The page shows a first name or a pseudonym, whichever you prefer, and your age in years and your sex.

Made by PerSci from your DEXADEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) is a low-dose X-ray scan that measures body fat, lean mass, bone, and total body weight. More at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray_absorptiometry scans, your OuraOura makes a ring worn on the finger that measures sleep, heart rate, heart rate variability and skin temperature overnight, and scores each night. More at ouraring.com ring and your StrongStrong is a phone app for logging weightlifting workouts in fine detail: every exercise, and the weight and reps of every set. More at strong.app and TrainerizeTrainerize is an app personal trainers use to send clients their workouts and to log what was done. More at trainerize.com logs. It describes a pattern in your data; it is not medical advice.