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Sleep · body composition

Client name: Bill

Did I have better body comp progress when I had been sleeping more?

Presenting Question

  • Question Verbatim from You: “Did I have better body comp progress when I had been sleeping more?”
  • Interpretation of the Question (an attempt to make the question slightly more precise, computable and scientific)
    • In your question you said “body comp progress”. We are interpreting that as two things measured by DEXADEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) is a low-dose X-ray scan that measures body fat, lean mass, bone, and total body weight. More at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray_absorptiometry scans at BodySpecBodySpec is a company that runs DEXA body-composition scans at its own clinics and mobile vans. More at bodyspec.com: lean mass going up, and fat mass going down, both for the whole body, in pounds. Fat mass rather than body-fat %, because a lean gain alone lowers body-fat %.
    • “When I had been sleeping more” we are interpreting as your average nightly total sleep, from your OuraOura makes a ring worn on the finger that measures sleep, heart rate, heart rate variability and skin temperature overnight, and scores each night. More at ouraring.com ring, over the same weeks.
    • Precisely: across six-week blocks between your DEXADEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) is a low-dose X-ray scan that measures body fat, lean mass, bone, and total body weight. More at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray_absorptiometry scans, did blocks with more average sleep bring more lean gain, or more fat loss, than blocks with less?

Answer to the Presenting Question: No

No, based on the analysis below, and within its assumptions and limits.

  • Lean mass: no change linked to sleep as big as the smallest change this test could have seen, about 2.0 lb per two weeks for each extra hour of nightly sleep.
  • Fat mass: no change linked to sleep as big as the smallest change this test could have seen, about 1.4 lb per two weeks for each extra hour.
  • Those are large amounts: this record can rule out a big effect of sleep, not a modest one.

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In blocks when you slept more, did your body composition change more?

Each of your 15 six-week blocks, split within its epoch into the ones when you slept more than that epoch's middle block, and the rest.

sleep vs your epoch's average (min a night)+2.1−2.10
Lean mass, one dot per block · lb per two weeks
sleep vs your epoch's average (min a night)+1.5−1.50
Fat mass, one dot per block · lb per two weeks

If more sleep helped, the lean dots would climb from left to right and the fat dots would fall. If anything they lean the other way, in both the split above and the test below, but by no more than chance would make.

For p-values, corrections for testing many questions, effect sizes and the smallest detectable differences, see The statistics behind this below.

Data Source(s) and Date(s)

  • Data sources:
    • Devices:
      • DEXADEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) is a low-dose X-ray scan that measures body fat, lean mass, bone, and total body weight. More at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray_absorptiometry scanner (BodySpecBodySpec is a company that runs DEXA body-composition scans at its own clinics and mobile vans. More at bodyspec.com) data: whole-body lean and fat mass, with one scanner's known offset removed first
      • OuraOura makes a ring worn on the finger that measures sleep, heart rate, heart rate variability and skin temperature overnight, and scores each night. More at ouraring.com ring data: total sleep each night, filed under the evening it began
    • Textual sources:
      • Your conversations with PerSci, 2026-10-01 to 2026-10-27: when each trainer started, that every set you log is taken to failure, and what the TrainerizeTrainerize is an app personal trainers use to send clients their workouts and to log what was done. More at trainerize.com session ratings were.
  • Dates: 2023-10-07 to 2026-09-15: 15 six-week blocks, 6 in Epoch B and 9 in Epoch C. Sleep data begins 2023-10-03, so earlier scans are not used.
  • People and Organizations Named or Anonymized:
    • Named (in your template names, your notes, or what you told us): BodySpec
    • Anonymized (shown by alias, inside your own notes and quotes too): Trainer A (personal trainer, 2023-08-08 to 2024-11-10), Trainer B (personal trainer since 2024-11-11)

What we compared (independent variable)

How much you slept, on average, across each block.

  • Average nightly total sleep per block: 6.0 to 7.2 hours
  • Compared only within an epoch, never Epoch B against Epoch C

What we measured (dependent variable)

How your body composition changed over each block.

  • Lean mass, change per two weeks
  • Fat mass, change per two weeks

The test written down beforehand: No

Registered on 2026-10-25, before any sleep number was set beside any scan. Neither measure moved with sleep by more than chance would make. The closer of the two was fat mass: about a 1-in-3 chance of a link that strong by luck alone (p = 0.29, raw); allowing for the six questions tested together on the same history, the corrected value is 1.00.

One scan's own error is about 1.6 lb of lean, which is why the unit is a six-week block, and why the smallest change this test could have seen is as large as it is.

For p-values, corrections for testing many questions, effect sizes and the smallest detectable differences, see The statistics behind this below.

Caveats

  • Epoch B gives this little to work with. Your average sleep across its 6 blocks ran only from 6.0 to 6.3 hours a night.
  • A first run built one block differently. It started Epoch C's first block on 2024-11-23; the registration had it on 2024-12-07. Caught from the dates, not the result, and fixed. The first run's answer was the same.
  • This is an association. Weeks with more sleep may differ in other ways: food, training, stress.
  • This describes a pattern in your data. It is not medical advice.

Related Pages

The statistics behind this

Per outcome: slope of the change per 14 days on mean nightly sleep, both centred within epoch; permutation p over 20,000 shuffles of blocks within epoch; a rough range from 2,000 bootstrap resamples of blocks within epoch; the smallest detectable slope (the 95th percentile of the shuffled slopes); Holm across the six questions tested together on the same history. The superseded run built Epoch C's blocks from that epoch's scans alone, which moved its first block's start; the registration walks every scan in order.

RunOutcomeBlocksSlope, lb / 14 d / hRough rangeDetectablepHolm (6)
registeredlean mass15-0.98-2.59 to +0.532.030.3921.00
registeredfat mass15+0.86-0.08 to +2.271.380.2911.00
illness periods droppedlean mass12-1.43-4.16 to +0.302.600.315—
illness periods droppedfat mass12+1.16-0.21 to +2.941.970.330—
every scanner offset removedlean mass15-1.07-2.47 to +0.161.850.277—
every scanner offset removedfat mass15+0.52-0.61 to +2.231.510.572—
blocks sharing a scanlean mass19+0.32-1.06 to +2.201.900.759—
blocks sharing a scanfat mass19+0.30-0.72 to +1.581.300.686—
first run, supersededlean mass15-1.07-2.59 to +0.261.960.336—
first run, supersededfat mass15+0.74-0.29 to +2.151.440.392—

Detectable: A real change this big would just pass the test, about half the time. One about 1.4 times as big would pass it about 4 times in 5. A smaller real change could easily go unseen, so 'no change found' means 'no change this big'.

Follow-up questions: No sign

Asked on 2026-10-27, after the results above had been read. Each is one of the extra checks, not a registered test, and lean mass is the only outcome.

Does more sleep in one block bring more lean gain in the next?

No sign. Over 13 pairs of back-to-back blocks, lean gain in the second moved +0.15 lb per two weeks per extra hour of sleep in the first. The smallest change this test could have seen was about 2.1 lb.

Does it take at least 7 hours a night?

No sign. Blocks averaging 7 hours or more gained +0.15 lb more lean per two weeks than the rest. Only Epoch C had any: every Epoch B block averaged under 7 hours. 7 hours is the adult recommendation (Watson et al. 2015, SLEEP).

Does sleep only matter when you are training hard?

No sign. With sleep, weekly sets and the two together in one model, on the 12 blocks that have both, the together term is close to zero.

Corrected together, three at a time (Benjamini-Hochberg): 0.91, 0.91, 0.91. Raw p: 0.91, 0.86, 0.66.

What do you want to know next?

Each one runs on your own export. What you asked is written down with today's date before anything is computed, so the question stays separate from the answer.

Check it on scans still to come

Everything on this page uses history you had already lived. The same test, the same code, on six-week blocks that start after the registration (2026-10-25) is the real check. At a scan every two to six weeks that takes a year or more.

Nothing but to keep scanning and logging as you do.

Running from 2026-10-25

Add food: protein, calories and alcohol

The full question puts sleep, sets, protein, calories, steps and alcohol in one model. Only 5 of the 15 blocks have food logged (none from 2025-01 to 2025-09), too few for six levers, so it runs on blocks still to come.

Log food every day in MacroFactor.

Waiting for data

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Act soon: it is free while we stand this service up and refine it. All we ask in return is permission to publish a results page like the ones we have made for our other clients. We never publish your surname or your date of birth. The page shows a first name or a pseudonym, whichever you prefer, and your age in years and your sex.

Made by PerSci from your DEXADEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) is a low-dose X-ray scan that measures body fat, lean mass, bone, and total body weight. More at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray_absorptiometry scans and your OuraOura makes a ring worn on the finger that measures sleep, heart rate, heart rate variability and skin temperature overnight, and scores each night. More at ouraring.com ring. It describes a pattern in your data; it is not medical advice.